Direct heated vertical retort



Jan. 24, 1933. s, Y 1,895,284

DIRECT HEATED VERTICAL RETORT Filed May 9, 1931 DR YER CHLC [NEE PREHEAr50 A IR COOL E R 'TRA v51. 0F MATERIAL CONTROLLED BY INTERM/TTENT 0RCONT/Mucus EXTRACTION- COOL/N6 A If? INVENTOR i1 ma mal/l TORNFYPatented Jan. 24, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE snmnr. I, my, onmn'rucmm, nxw mnsmr, nssrenon r IsnnLL-ron'rnn- 001mm, or 'miwnnx, NEWman, A conronarron or NEW 1mm:

DIBEC'J. HEATED TERAIFIIYGAL BETOR'J.

Application filed my a, 19:1. Berill 30. 530,301;

My invention relates to retorts, and more especially to directly heatedvertical retorts particularly adapted to the treatment of filtermaterial, such as, slag, coke, or other 5 coarse substance, which hasbeen fouled or c coated during the ifilteringprocess with a combustiblevolatile matter or'slu'dge having a very high moisture content, and inthe prelimina treatment of same to vaporize conl 'siderab emoisture'before said combustible matter or adheringsludge is dissipatedor burned.

The object of the invention is to provide and construct a retort of thecharacter above indicated, which is capable of being cheaplymanufactured and continuously operated at a minimum of cost withoutskilled labor, and will also enable all necessary repairs to. be quicklydetected and effected. A further object of the invention is to provide aretort occupying a minimum of s ace and having structuralcharacteristics an arrangement of cooperating elements whereby the fuelconsumption is reduced to a mimmum for the material treated due to therepeated use of the products of combustion, preheating of the air forcombustion, and no great loss of heat units carriedmfi by the treatedmaterial dischar ed from the retort.

I Further objects and a vantages of the invention will be manifest fromthe detailed construction of the retort and its mode of operation to behereinafter described.

The invention consists of structural characteristics and relativearrangement of elements to be hereinafter more lly described andparticularly pointed out in the appended claim.

In the one sheet of drawin in which similar reference characters inicate the same parts in the two figures;

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the retort cutting thecombustion chamber and connecting flues; and, e

Figure 2 is a transverse section'taken on line II -II of Figure 1. w a

Referring to the drawing, 10 is theretort havin an inner chamber 11,preferably. rectangu ar in cross-sectionandtapered or enlarged fromitsupper charge opening12to- -ently described.

its bottom or discharge opening 13. The up per or charging'end 18provided with a feed. hopper 14 aud ts lower'opening with anextractingconveyor 15, which are common and well known expedients inthis class of de- 66 vices and need no further or detailed disclosure. Ia

Opposite side walls of said 'retort'are prov vided preferably with threedistinct and separated sections 16, 17 and 18, having perfora-- tions,or openings, or passageways 19, which communicate with the interior ofthe tapered inner chamber 11 at upper, intermediate and lower zones ofthe retort 10.

Surrounding said retort 10 is a suitable hol- 7 low structure 20,preferably constructed ofv the usual fire brick, or similar material, inwhich is formed a furnace 21, orother means for the production of hotgases, the combustion chamber 22 of which is so constructed 7 andarranged. as to have its outlet in communication by means of theperforations 19 with the interior or chamber 11. of the intermediatezone or section 17 of the retort-' .10, as clearly shown in Figure 1 ofthe drawing. 1 4 Adjacent to and on the opposite side of the retort 10from that of thecombustion chamber 22 is formed a flue or verticalpassage 23, which extends between a short distance from the top andbottom of the retort 10, as illustrated, and is in communication bymeans of the three sets or separated series of perforations 19 with theinterior of the tapered chamber 11 at the upper, intermediate and lowerzones of said retort 10, as will be readily understood. Said zones, orperforated retort sections 16, 17 and 18 being referably separated byupper and lower horizontalbrick work or baflies 24: and 25 made integralwith the walls of the retortand subdivide said vertical flue 23 intopockets /or chambers 26, 27 and 28 connected by passageways 29 and 30,as. indicated, for purposes to be pres- 31 is an up er flue which isconnected by means of pe orations 19' to the interior of perforatedupper section 16 or zone of the retort and also 'to the exterior of'theap'paratus, or suction-of a fan, not shown, as is readily understood andneeds no further illustration.

32 is a lower flue which is preferably connected to the outside air-andby means of perforations 19 with the interior of the adjacent lowerperforated section 18, or' lower zone of" the retort, asshown. 1 Y i Theparts of the retort being constructed and arranged as herein describedand the fuel in the furnace 21 having been ignited 'so that a propersupply and draft. of hot gases are developed in the combustion chamber22, said hot gases will be drawn, as indicated by the arrows, throughthe perforations 19' and gravitating material within the intermediateperforated section 17, or calciner of the retort 10, and'in so doingwill volatilize or incinerate any carbon residue, combustible matter orsludge absorbed or adhering'to said material before said hot gases passinto the opposite and adjacent chamber or pocket superimpose chamber 27,as indicated by the arrows, and meets and intermingles with and assistsin the final combustion of the hot gases produced, drawn off and passedthrough the calcming or incinerating section 17, herein ex lained.

The said a ove mixture of burned hot gases and preheated air enters, asindicated by the arrows, through the passageway 29 into the superimposedchamber 26 and thence by means of perforations 19 passes the upperperforated walls 16 and newly charged fouled non-combustible materialwithin the upper zone or drier section of the retort 10 below the chargeopening 12 to eliminate, take up, oryaporize considerable moisturecontent from the fouled material and proper- 1y repare and'dry the samein order when said dried material gravitates or progresses to theintermediate zone or calciner section 17 the hot gases may eflicientlyand quickly incinerate, burn volatilize, destroy and remove thecombustible matter on said fouled material or filter substances, suchas, slag, coke, or analogous coarse material, as previously explained. 1,c

The intermixed hot gases, after passing through the upper. perforatedwalls 16 and the non-combustible material in the upperzone section ofthe retort 10, as just described,

enter the'chamber 31 from which the mois-,

ture laden cooler gases are drawn, as indi-' cated by arrows, through aflue by an exhauster or fan, not shown, to any desired point of theplant, or auxiliary heat conserving apparatus, if so desired and need nofurther disclosure.

From the foregoing disclosure of the con struction of the apparatus andthe manner of operating the same, it will be seen that all the objectsand advantages recited in the statement of invention have been fully andod comprising a series of physical steps in i a well defined order, asclaimed, to effect, in a highly eflieient, thorough and inexpensivemanner, the removing of adhered or absorbent combustible substances froma gravitating column of non-combustible material with a minimum loss ofheat units, cost of operation and instrumentalities for carrying outsaid method.-

WhatI claimis: 4

A vertical retort apparatus, including in combination, a verticalretort, a material feeder at the top thereof, a treated materialdischarge outlet having a discharge valve at a the lower portionthereof, said retort havin side walls including upper, intermediate, an

lower perforated sections having solid wall extensions therebetween, avertical flue adja-' centone retort wall and extending. from the lowerperforated wall section to' the upper perforated wall section, spacedupper, mtermediate, and lower flues adjacent the perforated sections inthe opposite retort wall, said upper spaced flue bemg opposite the upperportion of said vertical flue, and said lower spaced flue being oppositethe lower portion of said vertical fine and open to the atmosphere, anda furnace for producing heatin gases and adjacent said intermediatespace ue and directly connected thereto.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.

SAMUEL F. HAY.

